Uma unemoto kagesi noma i-plug-in hybrid, funda ukuthi ungathola kanjani amashaja ezimoto zikagesi eziseduze Sekuba yinto ebalulekile njengoba kwakunjalo ngaphambili. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi kulezi zinsuku kunenqwaba yamathuluzi, amamephu, nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezikuvumela ukuthi uthole izindawo zokushaja ngemizuzwana, kokubili eSpain nakulo lonke elaseYurophu.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ingqalasizinda iyaqhubeka nokukhula: Amanethiwekhi azimele anezinkulungwane zamashaja, iziteshi zokushaja ezisheshayo emigwaqweni emikhulu, izindawo zokushaja emahhotela, ezindaweni zokudlela, nasezikhungweni zokuthenga...kanye namanani akhethekile ukuze ukushaja usekhaya kungaphazamisi imali eningi. Ake sibheke, isinyathelo ngesinyathelo nangemininingwane, konke ongakusebenzisa ukuthola nokusebenzisa kahle izindawo zokushaja ezitholakalayo.
Izinhlobo zamashaja kagesi kanye nezilinganiso zamandla ezijwayelekile
Ngaphambi kokuthi uqale ukusesha efonini yakho ephathekayo, kuwumqondo omuhle ukucacisa ukuthi hlobo luni lwendawo yokushaja oludingayo, ngoba Ukushaja ekhaya nge-2,3 kW akufani nokufaka ishaja engaphezu kuka-150 kW. emgwaqweni omkhulu. Lokho kuzothinta isikhathi sokushaja kanye nezindleko, kanye nokuhlela uhambo lwakho.
Esimweni sasekhaya, okuyisisekelo kakhulu isokhethi evamile (i-Schuko), ene- amandla amancane azungeze u-2,3 kW (10 A ku-230 V)Kuyindlela ehamba kancane, kodwa ingaba wusizo ekushajeni ubusuku bonke uma ungashayeli amakhilomitha amaningi ngosuku. Noma kunjalo, abasebenzisi abaningi bafaka indawo yokushaja yebhokisi lodonga ukuze kube lula futhi kuphephe.
Emkhakheni wezindlu zokuhlala, kuya ngokuya kuvama ukufaka Amashaja e-AC angu-7,4 kW (i-AC yesigaba esisodwa)okuvumela ukushaja okusheshayo kakhulu. Ngalawo mandla, ungabuyisa ingxenye enhle yebhethri ngamahora ambalwa nje. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuvame ukuhilela ukuxhumana nomhlinzeki wakho kagesi ukuze ahlele lokhu. khulisa amandla anqunyelwe futhi ulungise ukufakwa uma kudingeka.
Amazinga aphezulu kagesi ayasebenza emigwaqweni yomphakathi kanye naseziteshini zokushaja ezihambayo: ukushaja okusheshayo (isb., 50 kW DC), ukushaja okusheshayo kakhulu (cishe 150 kW DC) kanye nokushaja okusheshayo kakhulu (ngaphezu kuka-150 kW DC)Lezi ziteshi zikuvumela ukuthi "ushaje" ingxenye enkulu yebhethri ngesikhathi osithathayo ukuze uphuze ikhofi noma udle okuthile.
Ngaphezu kwamandla, kufanele uhlole uhlobo lwesixhumi esisetshenziswa yimoto yakho. Ezivame kakhulu eYurophu namuhla yilezi: I-CCS (i-Combo 2) yokushaja okusheshayo kwe-DC, Uhlobo 2 lwe-AC, i-CHAdeMO kwamanye amamodeli amadala Futhi i-Schuko noma amasokhethi afanayo okushaja kancane kakhulu. Ukwazi ukuthi iyiphi iplagi oyidingayo kuzokuvumela ukuthi uhlunge imiphumela kuzinhlelo zokusebenza futhi ugweme izimanga uma ufika.
Amamephu nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezikhethekile zokuthola amashaja
Enye yezindlela ezilula kakhulu zokuthola amashaja kagesi aseduze Kuhilela ukusebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza namawebhusayithi athile aqoqa ulwazi oluvela ezindaweni eziningi ezweni lonke. Lawa mapulatifomu abonisa indawo, uhlobo lwesixhumi, amandla atholakalayo, ukutholakala kwesikhathi sangempela, ngisho nokubuyekezwa komsebenzisi.
Izinsizakalo ezifana namapulatifomu amakhulu emephu yokushaja zengeze inani elikhulu lamaphuzu okushaja eminyakeni edlule. ISpain, iPortugal, i-United Kingdom kanye neYurophu yonkeNgenxa yezivumelwano zokusebenzisana, kungenzeka ukuthi, ngohlelo lokusebenza olulodwa noma ikhadi, ungafinyelela amaphuzu angamashumi ezinkulungwane kulo lonke elaseYurophu (angaphezu kuka-100.000 kwezinye izimo)yize zingabasebenzi abahlukene.
Kulezi zinhlelo zokusebenza ungabuka imephu esebenzisana nayo Iziteshi zokushaja zisakazwa kuwo wonke amadolobha, imigwaqo emikhulu, kanye nezindawo zesevisiNgakho-ke, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ufuna ukushaja eduze kwasekhaya noma uhamba kwesinye isifunda noma izwe, ungabona ukuthi uzoma kuphi ukuze uxhume imoto yakho.
Elinye amandla ala mathuluzi ukuthi avumela hlela imizila ephelele enezindawo zokulayishaUfaka indawo osuka kuyo, indawo oya kuyo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi imodeli yemoto, bese uhlelo lokusebenza ngokwalo lusikisela izindawo ezifanele kakhulu zokushaja kabusha ngokusekelwe ebangeni lakho, uhlobo lweshaja, kanye nesivinini sokushaja esitholakalayo.
Ngaphezu kwamawebhusayithi, cishe wonke lawa mapulatifomu anayo Izinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula zamahhala ze-iOS ne-AndroidNgokuvamile banikeza ulwazi olunemininingwane eminingi nolusesikhathini kunenguqulo yewebhu, olunedatha yesikhathi sangempela ngokutholakala kwesixhumi ngasinye, izehlakalo, kanye nemikhawulo yokufinyelela engaba khona—ukhiye uma ufuna ukugwema ukufinyelela eqophelweni elingasasebenzi noma eligcwele ngokweqile.
Amanethiwekhi amakhulu okushaja: iziteshi zokushaja zikagesi kanye nemizila enamandla amakhulu
Ngale kwezindawo ezikude ezindaweni zokupaka izimoto noma ezitolo ezinkulu, eminyakeni yamuva nje kube nokwanda kwe- iziteshi zokushaja izimoto zikagesi ezikhethekile kanye namanethiwekhi anamandla amakhulu emigwaqweni emikhulu yemigwaqo. Lezi zakhiwo ziklanyelwe, ngaphezu kwakho konke, uhambo oluphakathi nolude.
Abanye abaqhubi basebenzise iziteshi zabo ezisabalele kulo lonke izwe yonke iSpain kanye nengxenye yeYurophuenezindawo ezibaluleke kakhulu ezindaweni zesevisi, amahhotela, izindawo zokudlela kanye namapaki ezimboni. Eziningi zalezi ziteshi zihlanganisa amashaja amaningana asheshayo noma ashesha kakhulu, ukuze izimoto eziningana zikwazi ukushaja ngesikhathi esisodwa ngaphandle kokulinda isikhathi eside.
Kuvamile ukuthola izixhumi kulezi ziteshi zokushaja izimoto zikagesi. Ama-CCS anamandla aphezulu, i-CHAdeMO, i-Type 2 kanye nama-socket engeziwe Ezimotweni ezingavamile. Uma kwenzeka izivumelwano zokusebenzisana, noma ngabe amashaja angawabasebenzi abahlukene, ungawasebenzisa futhi uwakhokhele ngohlelo lokusebenza olulodwa noma ikhadi, okwenza kube lula kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke.
Ezinye izinkampani zamandla zakhe amanethiwekhi abanzi kakhulu: isibonelo, sekukhulunywa ngakho kakade izindawo zokushaja zokusebenza ezingaphezu kuka-6.300 ngaphansi komkhiqizo owodwa, okungaphezu kwalokho Izindawo zokushaja ezishesha kakhulu ezingu-900 Njengoba zitholakala emigwaqweni emikhulu yezokuthutha ukuze kube lula ukuhamba ibanga elide, cishe ama-40% ala mashaja ayashaja ngokushesha, okunciphisa kakhulu izikhathi zokulinda.
Bafinyelele nezivumelwano no izikhungo zokuthenga, amapaki okuthengisa, amahhotela kanye nezindawo zokupaka ukufaka amashaja asebenza kokubili ukuhamba kanye nokusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke edolobheni. Ngale ndlela, ungashaja ngenkathi uthenga, uya kuma-movie, noma uhlala ehhotela, ngaphandle kokufuna isiteshi sokushaja esihlukile.
Amanani nokubhaliselwe ukuze wonge imali uma ushaja usekhaya
Elinye iphuzu elithakazelisayo kakhulu uma uvame ukusebenzisa amashaja omphakathi ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi amanani alinganayo noma okubhaliselwe kwenkontileka ngezinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile. Esikhundleni sokukhokhela ukushaja ngakunye ngokwahlukana, ukhokha imali yanyanga zonke futhi unenani elithile le-kWh ngentengo enqunyiwe.
Isibonelo, ngokusebenzisa ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zokukhokha zeselula njengeWaylet, ungakwazi bhalisela uhlelo lokubhalisela lwanyanga zonke Leli khadi likhokhisa ngokuzenzakalelayo ukwengeza kwakho kunethiwekhi ehlobene. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ukhohlwe ukukhokhela iseshini ngayinye ngokwehlukana futhi kukunikeza izindleko ezingabikezelwa kalula.
Njengamanje, kunezinhlelo eziningana ezinikezwayo, eziklanywe ngokwendlela yokusetshenziswa: eyodwa Imali yokuhamba engu-50 kuze kufike ku-50 kWh ngo-€20,57 ngenyanga, Imali yokuhamba engu-100 kufika ku-100 kWh ngo-€36,30 ngenyanga kanye ne-a Imali yokuhamba engu-150 nge-150 kWh ngo-€48,40/ngenyanga. Ngayinye ifanela iphrofayili ehlukile: labo abavame ukushaja ngaphandle, labo abahlanganisa idolobha nokuhamba, noma labo abathembele kakhulu kunethiwekhi yomphakathi.
Lezi zindleko ziyi Zivuselelwa ngokuzenzakalelayo njalo ezinsukwini ezingama-30 zekhalenda. Imali ikhokhwa uma ivuliwe. Kubalulekile ukubuyekeza imigomo nemibandela ethile (izindawo lapho isebenza khona, imikhawulo, ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile, njll.) ukuze ubone ukuthi iyahambisana yini namaphethini akho okusebenzisa kanye nezindawo ovame ukuya kuzo.
Isihluthulelo ukuhlaziya ukuthi uhamba amakhilomitha amangaki ngenyanga kanye Iyiphi ingxenye yalawo mandla olindele ukuthi izofakwa kugridi yomphakathi?Uma usebenzisa njalo ama-fast charger lapho uhamba, okubhaliselwe kungaba ngcono kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nesilinganiso se-kWh esijwayelekile, ikakhulukazi uma ushaja ngamazinga aphezulu wamandla, avame ukubiza kakhulu.
Indlela yokusebenzisa i-Google Maps ukuthola amashaja ezimoto zikagesi eziseduze
Ngesikhathi uMnyango Wezinguquko Zemvelo kanye Nenselele Yokubalwa Kwabantu uqeda ukusebenzisa Imephu esemthethweni yamaphuzu okushaja anamanani, amazinga kagesi kanye nendawo enemininingwaneNgokuthakazelisayo, elinye lamathuluzi aphelele futhi afinyeleleka kalula okusetshenziswa nsuku zonke yi-Google Maps.
Kuze kube kudala kakhulu, wawujwayele ukuvula ifoni yakho ephathekayo ukuze useshe iziteshi zikaphethiloli eziseduze noma amanani kaphethiloliManje, njengoba ukuhamba kukagesi kukhuphuka, isenzo esifanayo singasetshenziswa ukuthola iziteshi zokushaja, iziteshi zokushaja zikagesi kanye nezindawo ezitolo ezinkulu, izikhungo zokuthenga nasemahhotela, noma ngabe zingezamabhizinisi ahlukene kakhulu.
Ukuze uthole amashaja kusuka kunguqulo yewebhu noma kuhlelo lokusebenza lweselula, mane uthayiphe amagama afana nebha yokusesha “ukushaja imoto kagesi”, “indawo yokushaja imoto kagesi” noma “ukushaja i-EV”Kuzovela izithonjana emephini ezibonisa indawo yamashaja, futhi uhlu olunemininingwane lwephuzu ngalinye luzoboniswa ohlangothini.
Ngokuchofoza kwenye yalezo zithonjana, uzobona ulwazi olufana nokuthi uhlobo lwendawo (indawo yokudlela, isitolo esikhulu, ihhotela, isiteshi sokushaja izimoto zikagesi), izixhumi ezitholakalayo, inani leziteshi zokushaja, kanye nesimo sokusebenza, isivinini sokulayisha esilinganiselwe, futhi ezimweni eziningi, izithombe nokubuyekezwa okuvela kwabanye abasebenzisi.
Kuhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Google Maps lweselula noma lwethebhulethi, ungalufinyelela futhi kumenyu yezigaba: ngaphakathi kwesigaba sezinsizakalo, khetha “ishaja yemoto kagesi”Ukusuka lapho ungahlunga ngokwezixhumi ezihambisana nemoto yakho. Izinketho ezifana ne-J1772, i-CCS (Combo 1), Uhlobo 2, i-CCS (Combo 2), i-CHAdeMO, i-Tesla, noma i-wall socket (Schuko) zivame ukuvela, okukusiza ukuthi unqume amaphuzu angasebenzi kuwe.
I-Google Maps ivumela futhi Londoloza amaphuzu akho okushaja owathandayo bese uwahlela ohlwini oluzenzakalelayo.Ungakha uhlu lwamashaja avamile edolobheni lakini, olunye lwalawo ovame ukuwasebenzisa endleleni yakho eya edolobhaneni, futhi uhlale unalo eduze, ngaphandle kokufuna kusukela ekuqaleni isikhathi ngasinye.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Google ibilokhu ibuyekeza I-Android AutomotiveUhlelo lwayo oluhlanganisiwe, olutholakala kudeshibhodi yezinye izimoto, lungabala imizila enobungani nemvelo ngokusekelwe ohlotsheni lwenjini yemoto yakho futhi lubonise ngqo iziteshi zokushaja ezifanele kakhulu zohambo lwakho esikrinini sokuzulazula, okukuvumela ukuthi ushaje ngenkathi uthenga noma ume ukuze udle.
Ezimotweni eziningi ezine-Android Automotive kanye nohlelo lokusebenza lwe-Maps uqobo, kungenzeka Hlunga ngqo ukuze uthole amashaja asheshayo e-DC adlula u-150 kWKuhle uma unesikhathi esincane futhi ungafuni ukuma isikhathi eside. Lokhu kuhlanganiswa kuqinisa umqondo wokuthi uhlelo lokuzulazula lwemoto yakho luba umsizi wakho ongcono kakhulu wokugwema ukubhajwa.
Izibopho Ezisemthethweni Zendawo kanye Nezomqhubi
Kanye namathuluzi azimele, uHulumeni usebenza ku- i-geoportal esemthethweni yezindawo zokushaja okuzohlanganiswa ne-MITECO Gas Station Geoportal eyaziwayo. Inhloso ukunikeza, epulatifomu eyodwa, ulwazi oluthembekile mayelana nendawo, amandla, uhlobo lwesixhumi kanye nentengo yokushaja.
Ukuze lokhu kwenzeke, Isinqumo sasebukhosini esilawula amalungelo nezibopho zabaqhubi bezindawo zokushaja kanye nabahlinzeki bezinsizakaloPhakathi kwalezi zibopho kukhona ukulethwa kolwazi olusha kwi-MITECO kanye nemiphakathi ezimele ukuze kondliwe le mephu yomphakathi.
Ngenxa yalo mthetho, esikhathini esizayo kuzoba lula ukubonisana ngolwazi ngesinyathelo esisodwa. yonke inethiwekhi yamashaja asemthethweni atholakalayongaphandle kokushintsha phakathi kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezizimele ezahlukene. Kuze kube yilapho leyo mephu eqondile isiqediwe futhi iphelele ngempela, uzoqhubeka nokuthembela kakhulu ku-Google Maps nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezikhethekile.
Okwamanje, ukusetshenziswa okuhlangene kwe amapulatifomu azimele, i-Google Maps, kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezivela kubaqhubi ngokwabo. Kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuthola isithombe esingokoqobo ngangokunokwenzeka sengqalasizinda etholakalayo, isimo sayo kanye namanani ayo, ikakhulukazi uma uzohamba uhambo olude emiphakathini eminingana ezimele.
Ukukhula kwalolu lwazi oluhlanganisiwe kusiza nezinsizakalo zokusiza eceleni komgwaqo kanye namaqembu ezimoto ukuthi anikeze iziqinisekiso ezengeziwe, ukumbozwa kwebhethri, kanye nosizo eceleni komgwaqo ezimotweni zikagesi, okunikeza ungqimba olwengeziwe lokuphepha kubashayeli abashintshela ekuhambeni kokukhipha ugesi okungenawo ugesi.
Izinhlelo zokusebenza zomqhubi, ukusebenzisana kanye nokuhlela uhambo
Ngaphezu kwamamephu ajwayelekile, izinhlelo zokusebenza zomqhubi ngamunye zibalulekile ekuzuzeni okuningi engqalasizinda. Ngazo ungakwazi yenza kusebenze futhi umise ukugcwalisa, hlola amanani aqondile, buka ukukhushulwa, noma ubuyekeze umlando wakho wokusebenzisa okudayisa.
Amanethiwekhi amaningi okushaja asayine izivumelwano zokuthi ukusebenzisanaEmpeleni, lokhu kusho ukuthi ngohlelo lokusebenza olulodwa noma ikhadi le-RFID, ungaxhuma imoto yakho kumashaja avela ezinkampanini ezahlukene kulo lonke elaseYurophu. Kwezinye izimo, lokhu kuhunyushwa ngokuthi ukufinyelela ezindaweni zokushaja ezingaphezu kuka-100.000 ngaphansi kwe-akhawunti efanayo.
Lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza zivame ukufaka imephu efana neye-Google, kodwa zigxile kakhulu kwingqalasizinda yazo futhi, ngezinye izikhathi, kanye Ulwazi olunembile kakhulu ngesikhathi sangempela mayelana nokutholakala kanye nesimo sesixhumi ngasinyeZivumela futhi ukuhlunga ngamandla, uhlobo lwesixhumi noma izinsizakalo ezengeziwe (indawo yokudlela, izindlu zangasese, ihhotela, njll.).
Uma uhlela uhambo, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukuhlanganisa amathuluzi: sebenzisa I-google maps noma imephu evamile yokubona isithombe sonke bese usebenzisa uhlelo lokusebenza lomqhubi ozolisebenzisa ukuhlola imininingwane ethile (intengo eqondile nge-kWh, ukuhambisana, imikhawulo yesikhathi engaba khona, isikhathi esiphezulu sokupaka, njll.).
Ezimweni eziningi, uzokwazi ukuklama imizila lapho Akudingeki ume ukuze ushaje kabusha, shaja kabusha lapho ubusuvele uhlele ukuyeka khona.Ukuyothenga, ukuphuza ikhofi, ukuhlala ehhotela, noma ukuvakashela indawo oyithandayo. Leyo inzuzo enkulu yokwanda kobuningi bamaphuzu: ukufaka izinto ezengeziwe empilweni yakho yansuku zonke esikhundleni sokuhlela impilo yakho yonke mayelana nokwengeza.
Isimo sengqalasizinda yokushaja eSpain
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukuthola Izindawo zokushaja eSpain sezilula kakhuluInethiwekhi yeziteshi zokushaja zomphakathi ikhule emadolobheni, emigwaqweni emikhulu, emahhotela, ezindaweni zokuthenga nasezindaweni zokupaka izimoto zikamasipala, ngenxa yabasebenzi abangochwepheshe kanye nezinkampani ezinkulu zamandla kanye nokuphathwa komphakathi.
Amapulatifomu akhethekile abuyekeza izizindalwazi zawo nsuku zonke: isibonelo, indawo yokushaja yakamuva engezwe eSpain ingaba yinto ethile efana ne ishaja epaki lobuchwepheshe ledolobha noma ezindaweni zenkampani ethile ePaterna, kufaka phakathi usuku lokubhalisa kanye nemininingwane yezixhumi kanye namandla.
Lawa mawebhusayithi nezinhlelo zokusebenza zinikeza ulwazi oluwusizo lwesikhathi sangempela ukuze ukwazi ukuthola amaphuzu ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zakho: Ukushaja okusheshayo emgwaqweni omkhulu, ukushaja okusheshayo ezindaweni zokupaka zasemadolobheni, noma ukushaja kancane ezindaweni lapho ushiya khona imoto yakho amahora amaningiNgokuvamile zivumela abasebenzisi ukuthi babike izehlakalo noma izinguquko zesimo.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, abaphathi baphokophela ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ulwazi oluvela kuzo zonke lezi zinto lufakiwe ngendlela ehlelekile ebalazweni elisemthethweni, okuzohlinzeka ngokuphepha okwengeziwe kulabo abahlela uhambo olude, kodwa iqiniso liwukuthi Namuhla uhlelo lwe-ecosystem luyinhlanganisela phakathi komphakathi nowangasese.
Uma ungomunye walabo asebevele beshintshele emotweni kagesi, kuwumqondo omuhle ukuthi bafakwe efonini yakho ephathekayo. Okungenani uhlelo lokusebenza olulodwa lokushaja olujwayelekile, uhlelo lokusebenza lomqhubi wakho oyinhloko, kanye ne-Google MapsNgaleyo nhlanganisela, akunakwenzeka ukuthi uzontula indawo yokukhipha ugesi eseduze, kokubili edolobheni nasemgwaqweni omkhulu.
Ngale nhlanganisela yamamephu asemthethweni athuthukiswayo, izinhlelo zokusebenza zenkampani yenethiwekhi, amapulatifomu ezinkampani zangaphandle, izimali zokubhalisa, namathuluzi afana ne-Google Maps ne-Android Automotive, Ukuthola amashaja ezimoto zikagesi eziseduze nokuhlela izikhathi zakho zokushaja sekuyinqubo eqondakala kalula, eguquguqukayo, futhi eyongayo. okuyinto eminyakeni embalwa edlule, okwenza ukuhamba ngemoto kagesi eSpain nasengxenyeni enkulu yeYurophu kube yindlela efanelekile yokuphila kwansuku zonke kanye nohambo olude.